Land Pollution


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Land Pollution

Environmental Pollution: Pollution is generally defined as an undesirable and excessive addition of any substance to environment, specifically water, air and land, which adversely alters the natural quality of the environment.

Land pollution: A thin mantle represents the area of earth, which is capable of supporting life, and there is a very complex relationship between this land and the other components of the environment. Man and other animals exhaust the resources of a given area. Therefore, the natural forces cannot maintain the balance between the materials consumed and returned to the soil.

The major sources of land pollution are the industries such as pulp and paper mills, oil refineries, power and heating plants, chemical and fertiliser manufacturing plants, iron and steel plants, plastic and rubber producing complexes, emission of polluted gases from motor vehicles and so on. Modern agriculture has been heavily involved in polluting soil through the non-judicious use of chemical fertilisers, herbicides, insecticides, and fumigants. Most of these are stable chemicals and remain in the soil for long periods without degradation, and have cumulative effect. Apart from killing the living organisms present on the surface of the soil, they reach even the deeper layers through tilling and irrigation of the land, killing still more living forms. With their continuous use, the soil microorganisms lose their ability of nitrogen fixation.

Management of Pollutants: Appropriate methods should be developed to dispose off or utilise the pollutants. Low-lying watery areas and ditches can also be filled, and the land thus reclaimed can be used for making gardens, parks, playgrounds or even apartment complexes. Animal refuse and agriculturral wastes can be utilised as manure and for the production of biogas that in turn can help to generata electricity.

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